Bus journeys that challenged racial segregation in the south in 1961 were called:

The congress of racial equality conducted a "Journey of Reconciliation" to direct attention toward the racial segregation in the public transportation in the south. They also had groups called the freedom riders and on may 4 1961 they had their first team ride a bus leaving Washington d.c heading south but were later arrested. 

The transcontinental railroad provided a means of fast transportation. it cut a 6 month trip into 6 days, created jobs for many people and encouraged immigration. the homestead act played a huge role in western expansion; it allowed settlers to begin a fresh start, and gave them land in exchange for their residence for up to five years and a small fee.