Determine whether the descriptions match iran, iraq, or both.

Oil-rich nation: this description matches both countries. Iran and Iraq are very rich in oil sources.

Predominantly Sunni population: Iraq. This Gulf country has a vast Sunni majority, although there is a large percentage of Iraqi citizen of Shia tradition.

Predominantly Shia population: Iran. Shia Muslims are around 10% of Muslims in the world and Iran has the largest Shia population in the world. In fact, this country presents itself as a leading authority for Shia believers.

Powerful leader was Ayatollah Khomeini: Iran. This political figure was the leader of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 that overthrown the Shah's regime and established the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Powerful leader was Saddam Hussein: Iraq. Saddam Hussein was a powerful Iraqi dictator who remained in power from 1979 until 2003. He started the Iran-Iraq war during the 1980s, invaded Kuwait in 1990, and faced the First and Second Gulf Wars. He was overthrown by the US invasion of Iraq in 2003.

i think it was because of how protected egyptian civilization was was which allowed them to evolve without much outside influence.

the first two years of american revolution was not very encouraging for the patriots since the british were far superior in sea power, arms and troops.