To what is francis scott key referring when he mentions “hirelings and slaves” in the third stanza of “the star spangled banner”?

in 1897, pershing became a tactical officer at west point, and that's where he was given the nickname "black jack." pershing's first name is "john," for which "jack" is a nickname, and he was a white man who commanded black troops. hence "black jack".

which colony was founded, in part, as a place for english debtors?

a) georgia