What allowed early americans to start permanent villages?

What is the main idea of this excerpt? 1.1.3

According to the map, most mining occurs in the a.northern b.southern c.eastern d.western

In which supreme court case did the court rely on the concept of implied powers to make its ruling? a) gibson v. ogden b) mcculloch v. maryland c) dartmouth college v. woodward d marbury v. madison