In what ways have wars (a) caused suffering and hardship to women and (b) promote women’s equality? specific evidence must be given from at least two regions.

(a) Wars have caused suffering and hardship to women, because it forces many women to do things they would not usually do against their own will, because of their dire conditions. In the Vietnam War, many Vietnamese women were used as "comfort women", meaning that they were forced into sexual slavery.
(b) In World War II, many women were mobilized in the United States to take over the factories and farms of their husbands and manufacture war goods to send over. This helped gender equality as when their husbands came back, the norm was no longer to be a housewife, but to also be a breadwinner.

The answer is forindependence.