Which of the following routes involves trade outside of the byzantine empire?
massilia to carthage rome to athens alexandria to ravenna antioch to ephesus

I think Rome to Athens is incorrect. According to my research, Massilia to Carthage is the route that involves trade outside of the Byzantine Empire.The Byzantine Empire was also known as the Eastern Roman Empire. Its capital city was Constantinople. The routes Rome to Athens, Alexandra to Ravenna and Antioch to Ephesus all fall within the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire was the most powerful empire during its existence and survive the breaking up and fall of the Western Roman Empire.