The impact of the printing press, astrolabe, and
caravel on 16th-century europe demonstrates the
ability of technology to
(1) limit which ideas can be transmitted
(2) redefine human understanding of the world
(3) reinforce established traditional beliefs
(4) exploit new sources of energy

the answer is the ku klux klan

polling is a process and the outcome is not involved in the process itself.

the outcome, which is an unfavorable rating for a particular candidate is not affected by the mechanical process of polling.

it rather depends on the number of people voting in favor of the candidate.

this is an outcome of people's preferences.