Did any of the governments in the u. s. or europe create any reforms to in the 2nd industrial revolution? explain.

affirmative action refers to the policies that take gender, race, or ethnicity into account in order to promote equal opportunity.

employers subject to title vii are prohibited from taking race or sex into account in any employment decisions. aa is a penalty for having any job group substantially statistically "underutilized" in any race or either sex. the employer must take steps to eliminate the underutilization, then stop, ending its aa efforts

small european communities with shared traditions consolidated into large new states (apex)