In what region did the first known states develop

Mesopotamia has two regions; the Sumer (south) and the Akkad (north). Sumer, the south region is the first known complex civilization, developing the first city-states in the 4th millennium BCE. It was in these cities that the cuneiform script appeared as the earliest known form of writing, in which invented by Sumerians.

They mowt likely lived in caves or maybe rock houses,i know they are similar but its all i know

The theory is land mass basically what they said.