This question is based on the accompanying documents. You will have 60 minutes to complete your essay. You should spend 15 minutes planning your response and 45 minutes writing your answer. You may begin writing your essay before the reading period has ended.

In your response, you should:

ensure that your thesis responds to the entire question, outlines a line of reasoning, and can be defended using historical evidence.
make connections to larger historical events and processes.
make sure that your thesis is supported by evidence from all, or all but one, of the documents you are given.
support your argument using other historical examples outside the documents.
connect the historical situation, intended audience, purpose, or point of view of at least three documents to the argument.
show a complex understanding of the prompt’s topic by modifying your argument, fully evaluating the reasoning process addressed by the prompt (such as analyzing continuities AND changes), making connections across time periods, or addressing counterarguments and different types of evidence.

Evaluate the political and economic effects of imperialism on Africa in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.