29) The Northern states circumvented the new Fugitive Slave Law by a) shutting down the Underground Railroad

b) passing personal liberty laws

c) publishing popular literature that condemned Southern slavery

d) returning run-away slaves to their original owners​

Fugitive enslaved people circumvented the law through the “Underground Railroad,” which was a network of persons, primarily free African Americans, who helped fugitives escape to freedom in the Northern states or Canada.

Many Northern states also passed personal- liberty laws that allowed fugitives a jury trial

b)

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explanation:

a trial judge has broad powers in his courtroom. the judge's decision is usually final for the duration of the trial, and the party's one special type of witness is an expert witness.