Refer to the two passages. Passage 1: "As soon as the land of any country has all become private property, the landlords, like all other men, love to reap where they never sowed, and demand a rent even for its natural produce. The wood of the forest, the grass of the field, and all the natural fruits of the earth, which, when land was in common, cost the labourer only the trouble of gathering them, come, even to him, to have an additional price fixed upon them.”
- An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations, by Adam Smith, 1776

Passage 2: "With the masses painfully conscious of the failure of individualism to create a decent social life for four-fifths of the people, it might have been foreseen that individualism could not survive their advent to political power. If private property in land and capital necessarily keeps the many workers permanently poor (through no fault of their own) in order to make the few idlers rich (from no merit of their own), private property in land and capital will inevitably go the way of the feudalism which it superseded. The economic analysis confirms the rough generalization of the suffering people.”
- "The Historic Basis of Socialism,” by Sidney Webb, 1889

Which of the following best explains why Russia transitioned from the economic principles described in Passage 1 to the principles described in Passage 2 during the Bolshevik Revolution of 1917?

a) An ongoing civil war between landowners in different regions of the country resulted in destroyed infrastructure and economic failure.
b) Years of poor agricultural conditions due to drought and low prices for wheat and corn resulted in poverty conditions for farmers and an economic recession.
c) The exploitation of workers during the Industrial Revolution led to low wages and poor working conditions, and resulted in a greater wealth gap.
d) The outbreak of World War I in Europe and conflict between previously allied nations resulted in poor postwar trade relationships.

edge ap world history