Who holds concurrent powers? a. the federal government
b. the state governments
c. both the federal government and state governments
d individual citizens

It developed as a reaction to the impact of european colonialism in africa on peoples of african descent. in the  mid-20th century, activists in africa adopted pan-africanism as a rallying cry for independence from colonial rule. some african pan-africanists sought to unite the continent as one independenthope it was useful