World War I led to significant changes in society. It was the greatest war the world had yet witnessed, and it destroyed the heroic ideals that had accompanied wars in the past. The horrors of the war led to disquiet among many types of people. Individuals began to question the foundations of society, morality, and their conception of the world. People also began to break away from old societal traditions, leading to a looser, freer society. Wartime technology led to advances in transportation and communication at home and abroad. Literature, such as Sinclair Lewis' Babbitt, reflected the disillusionment with society. What did you include in your response? Check all that apply. Einstein's theory of relativity or Freud's theory of psychoanalysis influenced the postwar era. The horrors of war contributed to an atmosphere of anxiety and uncertainty about the world. Wartime technology contributed to increased mobility and communication. Many in society began to reject old traditions

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World War I, also called First World War or Great War, an international conflict that in 1914–18 embroiled most of the nations of Europe along with Russia, the United States, the Middle East, and other regions. The war pitted the Central Powers—mainly Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey—against the Allies—mainly France, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, Japan, and, from 1917, the United States. It ended with the defeat of the Central Powers. The war was virtually unprecedented in the slaughter, carnage, and destruction it caused.

World War I

World War I

A British soldier inside a trench on the Western Front during World War I, 1914–18.

Hulton Archive/Getty Images

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Explore the roles of Marie Curie, Mabel St. Clair Stobart, and Aileen Cole Stewart in World War I

Explore the roles of Marie Curie, Mabel St. Clair Stobart, and Aileen Cole Stewart in World War I

Three notable women of World War I: Marie Curie, Mabel St. Clair Stobart, and Aileen Cole Stewart.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

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World War I was one of the great watersheds of 20th-century geopolitical history. It led to the fall of four great imperial dynasties (in Germany, Russia, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey), resulted in the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, and, in its destabilization of European society, laid the groundwork for World War II.

World War I

World War I

A collection of significant facts about World War I.

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc./Kenny Chmielewski

The outbreak of war

With Serbia already much aggrandized by the two Balkan Wars (1912–13, 1913), Serbian nationalists turned their attention back to the idea of “liberating” the South Slavs of Austria-Hungary. Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević, head of Serbia’s military intelligence, was also, under the alias “Apis,” head of the secret society Union or Death, pledged to the pursuit of this pan-Serbian ambition. Believing that the Serbs’ cause would be served by the death of the Austrian archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir presumptive to the Austrian emperor Franz Joseph, and learning that the Archduke was about to visit Bosnia on a tour of military inspection, Apis plotted his assassination. Nikola Pašić, the Serbian prime minister and an enemy of Apis, heard of the plot and warned the Austrian government of it, but his message was too cautiously worded to be understood.

Austria-Hungary declared war against Russia on August 5; Serbia against Germany on August 6; Montenegro against Austria-Hungary on August 7 and against Germany on August 12; France and Great Britain against Austria-Hungary on August 10 and on August 12, respectively; Japan against Germany on August 23; Austria-Hungary against Japan on August 25 and against Belgium on August 28.