History Help Please is it a, b, c or d the arrow says the medieval era gives way to the renaissance and the age of exploration

When did paul zoll develop cardiac pacemaker

The factory system of the early-19th century caused a) a decrease in farm production. b) an increase in rural population. c) an increase in urban population. d) high unemployment in other areas.

What happened during the victorian age? a. all social classes lived near each other b. the middle class became much larger c. city populations began to decrease d. families continued to go to work together