which empire politically and economically united most of the present day india , pakastain, and afghanastan

The answer is the Maurya Empire

Explanation:

After the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC, most of present-day India, Pakistan, and Afghanistan were united by the Maurya Empire, which existed from 322 BC to 185 BC.

the industrial revolution pushed the world into modern industrialization. it changed the course of history profoundly. it caused rapid urbanization and pushed cities and countries into development. the industrial revolution began in great britain with a series with new inventions which led to the creation of machines and mass production.

this caused the country to gain wealth and money and become an international superpower. it improved transportation and manufacturing inside the country, pushed people to live in urban areas and britain to become the most powerful nation in the world for a while.