Passage:One morning, toward the end of February, 1848, I sat quietly in my attic-chamber, working hard . . . when suddenly a friend rushed breathlessly into the room, exclaiming: "What, you sitting here! Do you not know what has happened?"

"No; what?"

"The French have driven away Louis Philippe and proclaimed the republic."

–Carl Schurz
In this passage, the author describes a feeling of excitement among students in Germany. Which event causes that feeling?
1:the defeat of the French army at Waterloo
2:the end of the Congress of Vienna
3:the French Revolution of 1848
4:the election of Napoleon III in 1848