The chariots, which we had ordered to be drawn out, were so agitated backwards and forwards, though upon the most level ground, that we could not keep them steady, even by supporting them with large stones. The sea seemed to roll back upon itself, and to be driven from its banks by the convulsive motion of the earth; it is certain at least the shore was considerably enlarged, and several sea animals were left upon it. –Letter to Cornelius Tacitus,
Pliny the Younger
Choose the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
Which part of the passage is essential to understanding the effects of the eruption?
Which part of the passage is irrelevant to understanding the effects of the eruption?

Cheap land, gold, and hope for a better life attracted people westward. traveling and starting a new life were difficult. most people faced many hardships, including loneliness. however, the west was a place where many cultures met and mixed with each other. it still is today. newspaper headlines attracted people to the west. advertisements promised great opportunities. some american folk songs, like "clementine," however, gave a more real idea of the journey and life there. imagine you live in either california or oregon in 1862. your advertisement may be: •song lyrics •text for a newspaper advertisement write your song or advertisement. include this information: •why people should go •where they should go •how to get there •what to bring •what life will be like •who they may meet •possible dangers you should be creative and persuasive in your advertisement, but also honest.

Lloyd’s of london was one of the first institutions to offer insurance to merchants and joint-trade companies. a major part of the insurance system involved people who agreed to take responsibility for the insured losses in return for a fee. what were these risk-takers known as? a. joint-stock companies b. investors c. underwriters d. merchants e. capitalists

What event ultimately started world war 2 and ended britain and frances attempt to prevent war?