Please help (20 points) How did nationalist feelings shape the efforts of key leaders in the unification of Italy? Germany?

Nationalism became the most significant force for self-determination and unification in Europe of the 1800's. ... Nationalist began to form secret societies throughout Italy. Unification was the goal of groups such as the Young Italy Movement led by Giuseppe Mazzini who called for the establishment of a republic.

when studying cause and effect, historians usually group the causes into different categories. for example, cultural causes reflect how a society’s literature and art convey the way the society saw itself in relation to the rest of the world. another resource that historians use to understand society is pop culture, which tells them the trends and ideas that are preferred by the common people. when studying cause and effect, it’s important to remember multiple causation, or the idea that an effect could have several causes and vice versa.  

the correct option is “cultural causes” since art and literature are related to the culture of a place. culture is determined by literature, art, music.

the correct option is “pop culture” since it reflects the likes and ideas of common people whereas the rest of the options do not focus on common people.  

the correct option is “multiple causation” since it refers to the idea that events are caused by multiple reasons, not just a single one.