Who is the father of scentific management??

How does iraqs geographical location ( desert-like environment ) affect it's politcal relationships? i've been stuck on this and i'm giving a lot of points

By the end of the 1800s, there was a change in the nature of the immigrants coming to the united states. immigration from northern europe—england, ireland, germany, and scandinavia—declined, while immigration from italy, russia, and austria-hungary grew. in fact, between 1900 and 1910, more than three-fourths of all immigrants came from these three countries. unfortunately, these countries were far removed england, the home of our founders, and the immigrants who came from them had a hard time adjusting to life in their new country.

How did justinian attempt to revive the “glory of rome”?