Helppp me plzzz APUSH QUESTIONS CHAPTER 17 and 18

powers  are  denied  to the  national governmentin three distinct ways: some  powers, such as the  power  to levy duties on exports or prohibit the freedom of religion, speech, press, or assembly, are expressly  denied  to the  national government  in the  constitution.

after the roman empire, the catholic church began to unify by taking on many duties of a government.

a big one is

to appoint and regulate officers of the land and naval forces,

which caused much controversy ending the articles