How, and why, are the Supreme Court's decisions about affirmative action changing over time?

What has the Supreme Court done about affirmative action?

Affirmative action as a practice was partially upheld by the Supreme Court in Grutter v. Bollinger (2003), while the use of racial quotas for college admissions was concurrently ruled unconstitutional by the Court in Gratz v. Bollinger (2003). Affirmative action often gives rise to controversy in American politics.

Explanation:

answer; i believe that the correct answer is (chronological order);

the intolerable acts- d