How did the economic policies discussed in the passages affect political relationships of the transatlantic world in the late 18th and early 19th centuries? European colonies carried out a wave of revolts to break free of restrictive imperial economic systems.
European colonies formed alliances with other colonies to gain economic autonomy from imperial powers.
European nations secured the loyalty of their colonies by sharing the economic advantages of their trade monopolies.
European nations sought closer political ties with their colonies to help them develop worldwide trade monopolies.