most states prohibit candidates who were defeated in the primary from filling as blank candidates after the primary election

In general, a voter seeking to vote in a closed primary must first be a registered party member. Typically, the voter affiliates with a party on his or her voter registration application. This system deters “cross-over” voting by members of other parties. Independent or unaffiliated voters, by definition, are excluded from participating in the party nomination contests. This system generally contributes to a strong party organization.

Explanation:

-an amendment is proposed.

-two-thirds of congress must approve.

-thee-quarters of states must approve.

-the proposed amendment becomes law.

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