When you see the "holding" in a legal case, it means what

gaius cassius longinus and marcus junius brutus, former enemies of julius caesar who'd joined the roman senate, led caesar's assassination, dubbing themselves "the liberators." and the second one is   the assassination of julius caesar was the result of a conspiracy by many roman senators led by gaius cassius longinus, decimus junius brutus albinus, and marcus junius brutus. they stabbed caesar (23 times) to death in a location adjacent to the theatre of pompey on the ides of march 15 march 44 bc.

the church governed the society after the empire fell.   constantine took charge of rome and ended the confusion which had over religion and made christianity as the only religion and that started ruling the roman empire. he also divided the empire into two and fortified the eastern part.   he ruled the eastern part.

d. both had been uninhabited before settlers arrived.