What event made it apparent that russia was desperately in need of reform?
a. the crimean war
b. the freeing of the serfs
c. the creation of zemstvos
d. the commission of the trans-siberian railroad

federal appellate courts are called courts of appeals. cases can be further appealed to the u.s. supreme court. cases are heard for the first time in a trial court. if either party disagrees with the decision in the trial court, they can appeal, asking a higher court to review the decision.

the answer is a. laws were enacted in the aftermath of the plot to make it harder to free slaves,increasing sectionalism