Was a collection of spells and prayers studied to obtain the afterlife.

a historian researching the immigration policies of the early 1900s would expect a source written today,rather than in 1910 to :

( a ) be more interested in objective data and statistics.

the answer to your question is a because laws act as guidelines as to what is accepted in society. without it there would be conflicts between social groups and communities. it serves as a norm of conduct for citizens.