The feeling of fervent devotion toward one's nation above all other is known as

Nationalism

Explanation:

Nationalism is a political ideology that is characterized by the celebration of a particular nation above all others. This is specially the case when the interests of the beloved nation (usually the place of birth of a person) trump those of other countries. Nationalism is characterized by a fervent devotion to a nation, and the development if a national identity that unifies the whole population. Nationalism only became a recognizable political phenomenon in the 18th century.

the answer is c. they believed the royal family should hold all the power.