What did alexis de tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe american society in 1835?

The meaning of individualism is the moral attitude, political viewpoint, philosophy, or societal viewpoint that highlights the ethical worth of the person. But for Alexis de Tocqueville, individualism is the Americans lived in social separation deprived of any bonds to company class association or family.

the graph shows the spread of railways in the 1800s.

based on the graph, the conclusion that can be drawn about germany is answer d)   by 1880, germany had more rail lines than great britain and russia.