Which powers did the pope hold over medieval monarchs?

What were four reasons for the decline of spain as a world power

How was the method of making pottery by using coils of clay better than simply shaping the clay by hand? it prevented pottery from cracking when fired. it created a watertight seal. it produced more attractive pottery. the pottery could be cut or stamped with designs.

President franklin d. roosevelt was born in 1882 in new york. which number on the map represents the state of new york?