The most essential coercion planters used to punish slaves was

The most essential coercion planters used to punish slaves was WHIPPING.
When a slave commit an offence, such as working at a slow pace, not responding with respect to his master or any other such crimes,  the slave masters usually respond by whipping the slaves until they are satisfied.  

The native americans, spanish, french and americans all name places in our state. the word “arkansas” came from the quapaw indians, by way of early french explorers. at the time of the early french exploration, a tribe of indians, the quapaws, lived west of the mississippi and north of the arkansas river.