What techniques did reformers at the turn of the 20th century use to influence the public opinion?

One of the major techniques that reformers used at the turn of the 20th century to influence public opinion was the use of the 'pulpit' media, in addition to protest. 

The  pan-african movement  was an "emotional, cultural, psychological and ideological  movement  that began among the  african  dispora in the western hemisphere, for a closer  purpose, so that  african  people could feel secure, attain political, economic as well as psychological power visa vis other races or world regions" .

The mountains on the east would be taller