Machiavelli advocated for tyrants like cesare borgia to take control of italy because:

small european communities with shared traditions consolidated into large new states (apex)

roosevelt believed that in light of the country's recent military successes, it was unnecessary to use force to achieve foreign policy goals, so long as the military could threaten force. this belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of roosevelt's foreign policy.