Which of the following was an effect of the french revolution? the construction of schools and colleges that spread enlightenment thought the reorganization of the french government based on heredity and nobility the elimination of special privileges for members of the first and second estates the creation of a new social class comprising the nobles and the bourgeoisie

1. international: struggle for hegemony and empire outstrips the fiscal resources of the state

2. political conflict: conflict between the monarchy and the nobility over the “reform” of the tax system led to paralysis and bankruptcy.

3. the enlightenment: impulse for reform intensifies political conflicts; reinforces traditional aristocratic constitutionalism, one variant of which was laid out in montequieu’s spirit of the laws; introduces new notions of good government, the most radical being popular sovereignty, as in rousseau’s social contract [1762]; the attack on the regime and privileged class by the literary underground of “grub street; ” the broadening influence of public opinion.

4. social antagonisms between two rising groups: the aristocracy and the bourgeoisie

5. ineffective ruler: louis xvi

6. economic hardship, especially the agrarian crisis of 1788-89 generates popular discontent and disorders caused by food shortages.

kennedy used a range of this to develop a 'flexible response' plan for any international crisis. “he also expanded the it was important, because it ordered the fall of khruschev.