Following the civil war, the political group which took the view of reconstruction that harsh penalties needed to be doled out to former confederates while giving full rights to freedmen was called
democrats
radical republicans
scalawags
moderate republicans

Following the Civil War, the political group which took the view of Reconstruction that harsh penalties needed to be doled out to former Confederates while giving full rights to Freedmen was called the "Radical Republicans", since these were members of Lincoln's party who thought that Lincoln wanted to be too "soft" with the South.