How did the philosophers of the enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed? a. as mutually beneficial b. as more beneficial to the government c. as more beneficial to the governed d. as balanced

Correct Answer is A - Mutually Beneficial

The Enlightenment was a movement that had as principle the use of reason as the main way to achieve freedom, in which its motto is: "Liberty, Equality and Fraternity." It represents the intellectual hegemony of the world view of the European bourgeoisie and thus rejects the traditions and attacks injustices, religious intolerance and the privileges typical of the Old Regime, paving the way for the French Revolution.

The Enlightenment is deistic, that is, believes in the presence of God in nature and in man and in his understanding through reason. It's anticlerical

For Enlightenment theorists man is naturally good and everyone is born equal. It is corrupted by society as a result of injustice, oppression and slavery. The solution is to transform society, guaranteeing to all the freedom of expression and worship and providing defense mechanisms against arbitrary and arrogant.

It is up to the government to guarantee "natural rights": individual liberty, tenure, tolerance, equality before the law.

Applied to social and political life, the Enlightenment produces two currents of thought, physiocracy and economic liberalism.

Its main inspiration is the Scottish economist Adam Smith, considered the father of political economy, author of ~The essay~ on the wealth of the nations, fundamental work of the economic literature. It attacks mercantilist politics because it is based on state intervention and sustains the need for an economy driven by the free play of supply and market demand, laissez-faire.

The philosophers of the Enlightenment view the relationship between government and the governed as mutually beneficial.

Further Explanations:

The Enlightenment was the undertaking based on the principle use of reason as the main approach to attain freedom. It was reflecting the knowledgeable dominion of the world’s view about Europe and rejected the traditions, injustices, religious bigotry of the ancient regime. It projected the ideologies about the existence of God in nature through reason. As per the theorist, humans are born innocent and are then corrupted by the injustice, cruelty, and slavery that persist in society and the only solution to eradicate this issue is to transform society and grant citizens all sorts of liberties.  

In societal and political life, Enlightenment yields two thought Physiocracy and monetary tolerance. Scottish economist Adam Smith essayed that the Enlightenment policy outbreaks the mercantilist politics as it interrupts the state procedure and grants the economic needs determined by free flow of stock and market demand. Thus we can conclude that the views display the mutually beneficial relationship between the governed and the governing.

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Answer Details

Grade: High school

Subject: US History

Chapter: Enlightenment

Keywords:

Enlightenment,principle,freedom,knowledgeable dominion,traditions, injustices, religious bigotry, ancient regime,ideologies,injustice, cruelty, and slavery,societal, political ,monetary tolerance