Unlike much of the rest of western europe in the 13th century:
a. italy had once been part of an ancient empire that left behind great works of art to rediscover during the renaissance.
b. italy was divided into kingdoms ruled by feudal lords and catholic priests who resisted the new ideas of the renaissance for several centuries.
c. italy was divided into city-states where middle-class citizens seized power and promoted international exchange.
d. italy had only recently been settled and therefore had never developed a classical culture to rediscover during the renaissance.

C. Italy was divided into city-states where middle-class citizens seized power and promoted international exchange.

Explanation:

During the late Middle Ages, Northern and Central Italy wound up unmistakably more prosperous than the south of Italy, with the city-states, for example, Venice and Genoa, among the wealthiest in Europe. The Crusades had constructed enduring exchange connects to the Levant, and the Fourth Crusade had done a lot to devastate the Byzantine Roman Empire as a business opponent to the Venetians and Genoese.  

The fundamental exchange courses from the east went through the Byzantine Empire or the Arab terrains and onwards to the ports of Genoa, Pisa, and Venice. Extravagance merchandise purchased in the Levant, for example, flavors, colors, and silks, were foreign made to Italy and after that exchanged all through Europe. Also, the inland city-states benefitted from the rich agrarian place that is known for the Po valley.

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i also see that they are way better humans.

copernicus finished the first manuscript of his book, "de revolutionibus orbium coelestium" ("on the revolutions of the heavenly spheres") in 1532. in it, copernicus established that the planets orbited the sun rather than the earth. he laid out his model of the solar system and the path of the planets.