Effect of the muslim conquest and then reconquest of spain in modern european mindsets towards islam and jews today

From which of the following literary works is this quotation most likely taken?

Marine exptoration of oil uses seismic waves to locate oil in the seabed. what is a negative impact from seismic waves on the aquatic ecosystem of the ocean? a.seismic waves kill microoganisms b.seismic waves disrupts the sand and causes seafloor erosion c.seismic waves have virtually no adverse affects on marine life d.seismic waves damage the sonar that dolphins and whales use to orient themselves underwater

The "nationalists" and fascists battled against the "republicans" and communists in a civil war in the 1930s in