Purpose of the reconstruction amendments

Reconstruction amendments allow us as people from different parts of the world to be something bigger, or to be heard in the U.S. For examples, white people had a great life, they could vote and were able to defend themselves against Congress and other people what so ever. Meanwhile, Africans Americans and other races, were treated unfairly and were not able to do much for themselves.
So, the point or purpose of the reconstruction amendments is to protect all people and for everyone to be treated equal, ignoring the races and etc.
I honestly don't know how to explain this but I hope it helps.