What was a key difference between the portuguese approach to trading-post empires and the approach taken by the dutch and the english?
a. the portuguese were interested in land and sea territories more than controlling trade routes and custom duties, as were the dutch and the english
b. the portuguese were interested in controlling trade routes and collecting customs duties, while the dutch and english were interested in controlling shipping on the high seas
c. the portuguese were interested in militarily controlling trade routes and collecting customs duties while the dutch and the english were interested in establishing trading posts to sell supplies and collect customs duties
d. the portuguese were more interested in fighting their spanish rivals than stopping the english or dutch merchant companies