Which challenge do both india and china face today? a. restoring diplomatic relations with western nations b. toppling right-wing military governments c. expanding foreign trade d. sustaining rapidly growing populations

Option d. Both India and China are facing the challenge of sustaining rapidly growing populations.

Explanation:

China and India are the two most populous countries of the world, with China coming in first place with a population of approximately 1.42 billion citizens and India in second place with an approximately population of 1.35 billion citizens. While India's population growth rate is bigger than China, both countries are facing the challenge of sustaining those growth numbers in a way that is positive for the society and the country's general improvement and well being.

the fact that could also be added to column b is that during world war ii, specifically between the years 1941 and 1945, japan expanded its territory towards the indonesian territory in what was known later as part of the "pacific war". in that time, japan could conquer the philipines, singapore,   borneo, central java, malang, cebu, sumatra and various other islands of the area, therefore expanding its territory for a brief period of time.