What philosopher's ideas are being described?
he believed in the theory of "ideas" and "forms."
elements in the physical world—a desk, a man, a dog—are imperfections of shadows of the eternal, perfect ideas of a desk, a man, a dog.
aristotle
plato
socrates

harding's opponent in the 1920 election was ohio governor and newspaperman james m. cox, who had won the democratic nomination in a 44-ballot convention battle. harding rejected the progressive ideology of the wilson administration in favor of the laissez-faire approach of the mckinley administration.

the answer is: must pay taxes on profits

since it is considered as a part of your income, profits from investments is eligible for tax payment.

the tax from your investment could be influenced by how long you decided to sell it. united states promotes keeping your investment for long term period. so, the tax rate for investments that you sell in less than one year is typically higher compared to investments that you sell in more than one year period.