Explain the amendment or liberty being violated in this cartoon

This political cartoon is showing how the right to vote for African-American citizens was unfairly restricted during the era of Jim Crow laws in the United States.

This sign discusses a literacy test. A literacy test was a written exam that individuals had to pass in order to vote. These tests were usually very difficult due to the amount of questions on them, the wording of the questions, and the amount of time given to complete the test. This resulted in thousands of African-Americans being unable to vote. These tests would become illegal when the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed.