Purchasing power parity is used to compare the gross domestic product between 1)businesses. 2)consumers. 3)stock markets. 4)countries.

the completion of the erie canal spurred the first great westward movement of american settlers, gave access to the rich land and resources west of the appalachians and made new york the preeminent commercial city in the united states.

it would be  

germany had to pay all damages related to the war.

and i think

germany had to take sole responsibility for the war.