While visiting at his son’s home, a grandfather tripped on a toy left on the floor by his four-year-old grandson. the grandfather fell and was severely injured. the grandfather regularly visited his son’s home and was aware that the grandson routinely left toys scattered about the house. the son had never warned the grandfather to look out for toys. the grandfather brought an action against his son to recover for his injuries. at trial, after the close of evidence, both the grandfather and the son have moved for judgment as a matter of law as to liability. the jurisdiction has abolished intra-family immunity and applies the traditional rules of landowner liability. what action should the court take?

Adefendant charged with driving while intoxicated pleaded not guilty and insisted on a trial. right before the trial began, he fired his attorney and decided to defend himself. at one point during opening arguments, the defendant began to act like a cat, meowing and chasing an imaginary squirrel out of the courtroom. if no one else raises the issue of the defendant's competency to stand trial, what is the responsibility of the trial judge here? a) the trial judge has no responsibility, because the defendant decided to defend himself. b) the trial judge has no responsibility, because she cannot decide whether the defendant is competent to stand trial. c) the trial judge must raise the issue of competency, because the defendant is representinghimself.d) the trial judge must raise the issue of competency, because the constitution obligates her to do.