Question 16(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)

(02.06 MC)

The defect in the argument of counsel consists in his assumption that any discrimination is made by the laws of Alabama in the punishment provided for the offense for which the plaintiff in error was indicted when committed by a person of the African race and when committed by a white person. The two sections of the Code cited are entirely consistent. The one prescribes generally a punishment for an offense committed between persons of different sexes; the other prescribes a punishment for an offense which can only be committed where the two sexes are of different races. There is in neither section any discrimination against either race.

–Majority Opinion from Pace v. Alabama (1883), ruling against interracial marriage

Which case marks a change in the interpretation of the Equal Protection Clause from Pace v. Alabama (1883)?

Roe v. Wade (1973)
Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
Gideon v. Wainwright (1963)
McDonald v. Chicago (2010)

Question 17(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)

(02.01 MC)

Which Supreme Court case protects symbolic speech?

Schenck v. United States (1919)
Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)
New York Times Company v. United States (1971)

Question 18(Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)

(02.01 MC)

Rights guaranteed by the Constitution may not be abridged by legislation which has no reasonable relation to some purpose within the competency of the State. The fundamental theory of liberty upon which all governments in this Union repose excludes any general power of the State to standardize its children by forcing them to accept instruction from public teachers only. The child is not the mere creature of the State; those who nurture him and direct his destiny have the right, coupled with the high duty, to recognize and prepare him for additional obligations.

–From the Supreme Court ruling in Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925) regarding parents' rights to send their children to a religious school instead of public school

Which of the following Supreme Court cases has a similar constitutional question to Pierce v. Society of Sisters (1925)?

Engel v. Vitale (1962)
Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972)
Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971)
Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)