Discuss the mandate of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights (ACHPR) and analyse the interface between the Commission and the African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights

1. The mandate of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights (ACHPR):

The African Union (formerly OAU) established the African Commission on Human and People's Rights (ACHPR) in 1981 with the mandate to promote and protect the human and people's rights of Africans through the adoption of the African Charter.  Captured in Article 30 of the African Charter are the mandates of the Commission, which were further enumerated in Article 45 to include the following:

a. Promote human and people's rights

b. Protect human and people's rights

c. Interpret the African Charter on Human and People's Rights

d. Study, research, and document problems relating to human and people's rights

e. Work and cooperate with non-governmental and intergovernmental institutions to ensure that states in African observe and respect human and people's rights

f. Disseminate vital information and organize fora for entrenching human and people's rights

g. Appoint special rapporteurs to each state of the African Union.

2. Analysis of the interface between the Commission and the African Court on Human and People's Rights:

The African Court on Human and People's Rights is an international court based in Arusha, Tanzania.  It was established to reinforce and complement the efforts and mandate of the African Commission on Human and People's Rights.  While the ACHPR carries out human and people's rights investigations, documents its findings, and submits reports to the African Court on Human and People's Rights, the court adjudicates on human and people's rights violations.  They work in tandem with each other to achieve the mandate of the African Charter.

Explanation:

The African Charter, established by the Organization of African Unity (renamed the African Union), is a set of rules, called Articles, which guarantee and enforce certain human rights and fundamental freedoms for individuals and peoples of Africa.   It was created and finally adopted by the OAU in June 1981, and became enforceable from October 1986.  The charter established the ACHPR and the African Court on Human and People's Rights, as two vital institutions to promote and protect human and people's rights.

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