Examine each of the following situations and determine for each whether it involves the principle of separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, federalism, or some combination of these principles. Specify the principle or principles involved and explain your answer. (a) A state law requires that a prayer be said each day in public schools. The courts rule that the law violates a First Amendment clause that prohibits the government from establishing a religion.
(b) The U. S. Congress passes a law requiring that Supreme Court sessions be televised.
(c) Because a prison is very old and overcrowded, a state court orders the state legislature to spend $100 million on a new prison.