ENGLISH LEGAL SYSTEM Most criminal cases are heard & decided by Lay Magistrates. These are "volunteers who are not
lawyers but receive quite a lot of training to do the job. They are intelligent, reliable &
committed people who display common sense skills. They listen to minor criminal offences like
speeding, small fights, flytipping. They are not paid & do about 28 sittings a year. Many of them
do the job as they say they want to give something back to society. More serious cases like
murder, are of course, decided by a judge & jury in the Crown Court. But the problem with
magistrates is that they are often seen as middle class, middle minded & being a bit out of touch
with ordinary people so the system has been criticised. Having said that, there are as many
females as males doing the job & you don't get as many female judges in the Courts!
They listen to about 97% of all our criminal cases. They decide on guilt/innocence &
sentence people. Sometimes they send the guilty to prison.
Do you think magistrates should be used for this important job?
Why?

Ageneral requirement for informed consent is that no informed consent may include any exculpatory language. exculpatory language is that which waives or appears to waive any of the subject’s legal rights or releases or appears to release those conducting the research from liability for negligence. which of the following statements in a consent form is an example of exculpatory language? a. your participation in this research is voluntary. if you choose not to participate, or change your mind later, your decision will not affect your relationship with the researcher or your right to other services that you may be eligible for. b. taking part in the research is voluntary, but if you choose to take part, you waive the right to legal redress for any research-related injuries. c. the researcher may stop you from taking part in this research without your consent if you experience side effects that make your emotional condition worse. if you become too emotionally distressed during the research, you may have to drop out. d. in the event of any distress you may have related to this research, you will be given access to appropriate resources.