Why do they use (x-1) instead of x, why?

Which is a true statement about an exterior angle of a triangle a. it is formed by two segments that are not sides of the triangle, b. it forms a linear pair with one of the interior angles of the triangle, c. it is complementary to one of the interior angles of the triangle. d. it is formed by two segments that are sides of the triangle.

If the value of x increases by 5, how does the value of m(x + 3) change? a) it increases by 5m. b) it increases by 8m. c) it decreases by 5m. d) it decreases by 8m.

Ineed with number 6 , explain how to get 1978